Because these injections are not regulated by the FDA in the same way as medications, there can be variations in quality and composition
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085387 501 KerrJR
The downstream effects on adipose-tissue gene expression, methylation status, and NAD + pool dynamics are interpreted in the published literature as the basis for the metabolic phenotype observed in mouse models
However, as we age our levels of NAD naturally decline, dropping by up to 50% between our 20s and 80s
Moreover, individuals should be vigilant for signs of complications, such as sudden swelling, severe pain, or changes in bowel habits, as these may indicate a more serious underlying issue that requires urgent intervention